A multidimensional approach to the relationship between individualism-collectivism and guilt and shame.

Guilt and shame proneness are commonly thought to be associated with culture, yet research on this relationship is fragmented often inconsistent. In a review of the existing social scientific literature, we demonstrate that no consistent between guilt shame, one hand, individualism collectivism, other, has been established. To move area forward, apply new 2-dimensional, quaternary perspective both guilt/shame cultural orientation. Specifically, evaluative behavioral dimensions considered using Shame Proneness Scale (GASP; Cohen, Wolf, Panter, & Insko, 2011), as well degree hierarchy (i.e., horizontality-verticality) in individuals' orientation (Triandis Gelfand, 1998). A study individuals from 5 countries (United States, India, China, Iran, Spain; total N = 1,466) confirmed our hypotheses culturally socialized more interpersonally oriented horizontal collectivism) motivated engage reparative action following transgressions, whereas those attuned power, status, competition vertical individualism) likely withdraw threatening interpersonal situations, these relationships stronger than corresponding guilt- shame-related evaluations. addition supporting hypotheses, data also provide first cross-cultural evidence regarding invariance GASP. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).